Woodworking Finishes

No matter how plain and simple or detailed and intricate a woodwork piece may be, the finish determines the result – average or exquisite. The choice will depend on how you want the finished piece to look, whether it's natural or a rich, smooth gloss. Base your decision upon performance, durability, water, heat, scratch and chemical resistance and the ability to resist yellowing (on light-colored woods) over time.

Before you begin applying a finish to any wood project, make sure the wood has been thoroughly sanded and is dust free. Use a shop vacuum and/or a tack cloth to remove all dust from the wood. The working environment for wood finishing should be clean and dry. The project will not dry properly if it is done in a damp area. The application technique depends on the type of finishing product used. Lacquer finishes can be sprayed or brushed on. Polyurethane is brushed on in several thin layers, allowing for complete drying between coats. Shellac is brushed on. If using Danish oil, apply with a clean rag and allow the oil to soak into the wood. Repeating this process will yield a darker finish. Tung oil can be brushed on or wiped on and should be done when humidity is low.

Complete lists of types of wood finishes, application methods and information that is more specific to individual cases can be found on the Internet. There are websites that are hosted by veteran woodworkers eager to share their expertise.