Woodwork Finishes

After the time and effort you've put into your woodwork project, you want to have the best finish possible. You should choose your finish for its durability and resistance to heat, water, scratches and chemicals. Do you want a high gloss or natural finish? You will need to consider the ease of application and drying time. Your skill level will also determine the finish you will ultimately choose. For example, spraying finishing requires some finesse and experience.

There are two main kinds of finishes. They are reactive and evaporative. Waxes, oils and varnishes usually have solvents added to speed drying time. Waxes such as beeswax provide a thinner coat and limited protection. Usually waxes are used over other finishes. Oils like Tung and linseed that come from natural products are normally slow drying but polymers are added to quicken the drying process. Experts say that oil finishes are best for the casual woodworker to use on their projects. Varnishes are made from resins that have been chemically enhanced by chemicals like urethene used to make polyurethene. It proves the best protection from heat and chemical from cleaners. Many minimal scratches can be rubbed out. Gel forms are easy to wipe on.

Evaporative finishes include shellac and lacquer. Shellac contains natural resin that has been reduced to powder and then mixed with ethyl alcohol. It is very water resistant. Fast drying lacquers provide a lustrous finish and excellent protection for wood. However, some types will yellow with age. When working with finishes, one should consider the waste that occurs when spraying. You should protect yourself from the fumes with a mask. Brushing and wiping on finishes are considered best practice.